The law declared Jerusalem the "complete and united" capital of Israel. On 2 October 1977, the Israeli cabinet approved the plan, and seven neighborhoods were subsequently built on the city's eastern edges. An art gallery featuring the work of artists who perished is also present. [174] The Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik commissioned the construction of a shrine on the Temple Mount, now known as the Dome of the Rock, in the late 7th century. The southern tribes, together with the Aaronid priesthood, remained in Jerusalem, with the city becoming the capital of the Kingdom of Judah.[131][132]. The average size of Jerusalem's 180,000 households is 3.8 people. During the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, West Jerusalem was among the areas captured and later annexed by Israel while East Jerusalem, including the Old City, was captured and later annexed by Jordan. [381] Although Tel Aviv remains Israel's financial center, a growing number of high tech companies are moving to Jerusalem, providing 12,000 jobs in 2006. Every year there were 5,000 to 6,000 Russian Christian Pilgrims. [194] The English reference book Modern history or the present state of all nations, written in 1744, stated that "Jerusalem is still reckoned the capital city of Palestine, though much fallen from its ancient grandeaur". [285] A resolution condemning the US decision was supported by all the 14 other members of the UN Security Council, but was vetoed by the US on 18 December 2017,[286] and a subsequent resolution condemning the US decision was passed in the United Nations General Assembly. [55][56] The city of Zion (also called the New Jerusalem) and its temple would be built in Independence, Missouri ... cities of Zion and of Zion people, the "pure in heart," could be located anywhere in the world . [428][429] In 2006, a 38 km (24 mi) Jerusalem Trail was opened, a hiking trail that goes to many cultural sites and national parks in and around Jerusalem. [425] The 20-acre (81,000 m2) museum complex comprises several buildings featuring special exhibits and extensive collections of Judaica, archaeological findings, and Israeli and European art. [136] In about 445 BCE, King Artaxerxes I of Persia issued a decree allowing the city (including its walls) to be rebuilt. [235], During the 1948 war, the Jewish residents of Eastern Jerusalem were expelled by Jordan's Arab Legion. [54], Shalim or Shalem was the name of the god of dusk in the Canaanite religion, whose name is based on the same root S-L-M from which the Hebrew word for "peace" is derived (Salam or Shalom in modern Arabic and Hebrew). Neighborhoods. Jerusalem is a town in Yates County, New York in the United States. The Mavromatis concession, in effect despite earlier British attempts to abolish it, covered Jerusalem and other localities (e.g., Bethlehem) within a radius of 20 km (12 miles) around the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. In 1995, the United States Congress passed the Jerusalem Embassy Act, which required, subject to conditions, that its embassy be moved from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. By the time of the armistice that ended active fighting, Israel had control of 12 of Jerusalem's 15 Arab residential quarters. [438] The Jerusalem Film Festival is held annually, screening Israeli and international films. The British had to deal with a conflicting demand that was rooted in Ottoman rule. [416] New York Bard College and Al-Quds University agreed to open a joint college in a building originally built to house the Palestinian Legislative Council and Yasser Arafat's office. The club has won Israel's championship in 2015, the State Cup four times, and the ULEB Cup in 2004. Both Israel and Palestine consider Jerusalem to be their capital city. While the ACRI attributes the increase to the lack of employment opportunities, infrastructure and a worsening educational system, Ir Amim blames the legal status of Palestinians in Jerusalem. [331] Only 8.5% of the Jerusalem District work force is employed in the manufacturing sector, which is half the national average (15.8%). 37% of the population is Palestinian, but only 10% of tax revenues are allocated for them. Jerusalem is the capital city of Israel, find here Jerusalem location on Israel map along with know interesting facts about the city. [19] Since 1860 Jerusalem has grown far beyond the Old City's boundaries. [200], In the 1860s, new neighborhoods began to develop outside the Old City walls to house pilgrims and relieve the intense overcrowding and poor sanitation inside the city. [245] The government offered 200 Jordanian dinars to each displaced Arab family. Though Jerusalem's sacred character goes back three millennia...". Neither claim is internationally accepted. 38,000 graves in the Jewish Cemetery were destroyed, and Jews were forbidden from being buried there. Jordan allowed only very limited access to Christian holy sites,[227] and restrictions were imposed on the Christian population that led many to leave the city. Israel left the Temple Mount under the jurisdiction of an Islamic waqf, but opened the Western Wall to Jewish access. Dung 4. The Palestinian Authority claims Jerusalem, including the Haram al-Sharif, as the capital of the State of Palestine,[269] The PLO claims that West Jerusalem is also subject to permanent status negotiations. [81] Possibly the redactor of the Apocryphon of Genesis wanted to dissociate Melchizedek from the area of Shechem, which at the time was in possession of the Samaritans. The college gives Master of Arts in Teaching degrees. Atarot ceased operation in 2000. [204] Until the 1880s there were no formal Jewish orphanages in Jerusalem, as families generally took care of each other. [156], In the 5th century, the eastern continuation of the Roman Empire, ruled from the recently renamed Constantinople, maintained control of the city. This heart and soul of the Jewish people engenders the thought that if you want one simple word to symbolize all of Jewish history, that word would be 'Jerusalem. Yes, Jerusalem is located on the Jerusalem mountain ridge which is part of . (pp. [citation needed] The percentage of secular Jews, or those who 'wear their faith lightly' is dropping, with some 20,000 leaving the city over the past seven years (2012). According to the New Testament, Jesus was brought to Jerusalem soon after his birth[364] and later in his life cleansed the Second Temple. Golden 5. "[146] Roman rule was again challenged during the Bar Kokhba revolt, beginning in 132 CE and suppressed by the Romans in 135 CE. My “not so religious” Catholic husband insists that we stay in “East Jerusalem” as he rather experience different religions & cultures while we are overseas. In East Jerusalem, 52% of the land is excluded from development, 35% designated for Jewish settlements, and 13% for Palestinian use, almost all of which is already built on. 1137–1141. To a large extent it is this approach that still guides the diplomatic behaviour of states and thus has greater force in international law" (Susan M. Akram, Michael Dumper, Michael Lynk, Iain Scobbie (eds. In 1981 it was moved to a new building on Hebron Road near the Valley of Hinnom and the Old City. [74] Called the "Fortress of Zion" (metsudat Zion), it was renamed by David as the City of David,[75] and was known by this name in antiquity. [369][370][371], Jerusalem is the third-holiest city in Sunni Islam. [note 6] One of Israel's Basic Laws, the 1980 Jerusalem Law, refers to Jerusalem as the country's undivided capital. ), "Firuzabadi's al-Qamus al-Muhit", in The Khalili Collections, Amnon Cohen. Jerusalem blessed, Jerusalem cursed: Jews, Christians, and Muslims in the Holy City from David's time to our own. In Frederick E. Greenspahn. While Muslim holy sites were maintained and renovated,[226] contrary to the terms of the armistice agreement, Jews were denied access to Jewish holy sites, many of which were destroyed or desecrated. [258] Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has similarly stated that Jerusalem would remain the undivided capital of Israel. Given the information available, one cannot maintain a radical cultural separation between Canaanites and Israelites for the Iron I period." Jerusalem, as the most holy and sacred place, represents our home or the center of the church’s activities. What is today Shuafat laid outside the settlement area of its neighbour, Jerusalem, throughout the Bronze Age and until Jerusalem's destruction in 70 CE,[95] and even outside Jerusalem's main Second Temple period northern necropolis. The route is from Pisgat Ze'ev in the north via the Old City and city center to Mt. [122], In the Bible, Jerusalem is defined as lying within territory allocated to the tribe of Benjamin[123] though occupied by Jebusites. Gates1. Solomon's Temple (later known as the First Temple), went on to play a pivotal role in Jewish religion as the repository of the Ark of the Covenant. [441] The Edward Said National Conservatory of Music sponsors the Palestine Youth Orchestra[442] [229][230] The Western Wall was transformed into an exclusively Muslim holy site associated with al-Buraq. [384] Northern Jerusalem's Har Hotzvim industrial park and the Jerusalem Technology Park in south Jerusalem are home to large Research and Development centers of international tech companies, among them Intel, Cisco, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, IBM, Mobileye, Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic and more. Mount Herzl, at the western side of the city near the Jerusalem Forest, serves as the national cemetery of Israel. Of these, 195,500 (43%) were Jews, (comprising 40% of the Jewish population of Jerusalem as a whole), and 260,800 (57%) were Muslim (comprising 98% of the Muslim population of Jerusalem). [206] In 1922, the League of Nations at the Conference of Lausanne entrusted the United Kingdom to administer Palestine, neighbouring Transjordan, and Iraq beyond it. [358] Despite efforts to maintain peaceful religious coexistence, some sites, such as the Temple Mount, have been a continuous source of friction and controversy. In Greek and Latin the city's name was transliterated Hierosolyma (Greek: Ἱεροσόλυμα; in Greek hieròs, ἱερός, means holy), although the city was renamed Aelia Capitolina for part of the Roman period of its history. The population was 4,469 at the 2010 census. 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J'lem Arabs to block Hamas", "8,000 new classrooms to be built in Arab, ultra-Orthodox schools", "The Rockefeller Archaeological Museum: About the Museum: The Permanent Exhibition", "Haareez Biblical Zoo favorite tourist site in 2006", "Jerusalem Zoo is Israel's number one tourist attraction", "The Jerusalem Centre for the Performing Arts", "Israel bans Palestinian cultural events – Israel News, Ynetnews", "List of Palestinian Cultural & Archeological Sites", "Promoting Palestinian culture presents challenge to occupation and celebrates heritage", "Jerusalem Center for Middle Eastern Music and Dance", "Symbol of Peace Stands at Divide Between Troubled Jerusalem's East and West", "Betar Jerusalem: A Local Sports Legend Exports Talent to Europe's Top Leagues", "Palestinian Football Association, Jabal Al-Mokaber", Football and the wall: The divided soccer community of Jerusalem, "First Jerusalem marathon to be held in 2011", "Kenyan slogs out Jerusalem marathon win through soggy weather", "Thousands brave rain, wind for Jerusalem marathon", "Jerusalem hills won't faze local marathon runners", "International Exchange: List of Sister Cities / Kyoto prefecture Multilingual Site", Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus, Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East, Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation, ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim, Current Ummah of Islam (Ummah of Muhammad), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem&oldid=999074497, Populated places established in the 5th millennium BC, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles containing Armenian-language text, Articles with dead external links from February 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles lacking reliable references from May 2017, Articles with Turkish-language sources (tr), Articles with Hebrew-language sources (he), Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Pages using infobox settlement with possible nickname list, Articles containing Persian-language text, Articles with failed verification from October 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2010, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2009, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2009, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2014, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, "Israel was first forged into a unified nation from Jerusalem some 3,000 years ago, when. 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